Wrench having pivoted and slidable inner jaw



July 4, 1950 I P. OLLAGNON WRENCH HAVING PIVOTED AND SLIDABLE INNER JAW Filed Sept. 10, 1946 b 2 a M.

a W m 6 w 0 nn wl jg 1|! Patented July 4, 1950 INNER J AW WRENCH HAVING PIVOTED-AND SLIDABLE Paul Ollagnon, Saint-Etienne, France Application September 10, 1946, Serial No. 695,949

In France September 13,1945

2 Claims. (Cl. 81 -92 This. invention relates to wrenches for pipes, tubes or other cylindrical apparatus, nuts and the like, of the kind in'which the clamping action is increased to close the jaws about the work by pressure on the wrench handle in one direction and is decreased to release the work by pressure in the reverse direction, the movable jaw being adjustable towards and away from the fixed jaw by a nut which co-operates with a threaded part of the handle.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a novel or improved wrench of the kind defined above which, comprising only three relatively movable parts, and by avoiding the use of a hinge pivot and roller cage for the movable jaw, is of simple and robust construction and is easy to use.

According to the invention, in a wrench of the kind referred to, the movable jaw is formed with a portion seating within an annular groove in the nut and constituting a fulcrum about which said jaw is rockable, movement of said jaw away from the wrench handle being limited by an abutment on the jaw engageable with the back of said handle.

in order that the invention may be clearly understood and readily carried into effect, the same will hereinafter be more fully described with reference to the accompanying drawings, which show one embodiment thereof by way of example, and in which:

Figure 1 is a side view of the wrench showing the movable jaw in two different positions;

Figure 2 is a similar view to Figure 1 with parts in section;

Figure 3 is a transverse section on line 33 of Figure 1; and

Figure 4 is a transverse section on line 44 of Figure 2.

Referring now to the drawings, the wrench is shown as comprising a body I the head of which forms a fixed jaw extending at right angles to the body and the latter being fashioned at its other end in the form of a handle. The wrench body I is of rectangular section and is provided over a portion of its length intermediate the head and the handle with a screw thread which extends across the thickness of the body and with which co-operates a milled nut 2.

The upper part of the milled nut 2 is reinforced by a circular bead which is interiorly recessed to form an annular channel 2 in which the movable jaw 3 is supported. This jaw 3 is in the form of a triangle a-b-c, the side a-b of which is formed over a portion thereof as the toothed jaw proper, while the acute apex' crests in the annular channel 2 The movable jaw '3 is recessed longitudinally to allow for the passage of the wrench body I, this recess being suchthat the jaw is rockable about the apex 0 through a small angle limited by the bottom of the recess and by a pin 4 secured to the jaw at a. The movable jaw 2 is shown as a single member, though it may be made of several pieces fitted together.

A longitudinal groove 5 formed along the handle on the jaw side accommodates one end of a spring the other end of which is engaged in a hole formed in the part bc of the movable jaw. The spring, which may be of the blade type or may be of circular cross-section, serves firstly to maintain the apex c of the movable jaw seated within the channel 2 of the nut 2; secondly to urge the said jaw outwardly about its apex, this movement of the jaw being limited by engagement of the pin 4 with the wrench body; and thirrgly to prevent unintentional rotation of the nut In operation, the wrench functions in the following manner:

The milled nut 2 is actuated in such manner as to cause a pipe or other like element to be gripped between the two jaws. By the application of pressure on the back of the handle, i. e. that edge opposite the jaws, rocking movement of the movable jaw 3 from the full line position shown in Figure 1 towards the chain line position is produced about the apex c, the jaws closing more tightly about the tube as this pressure is increased.

I claim:

1. A wrench comprising a shank including an angular jaw end rigid therewith, the shank having a longitudinal groove in the side thereof from which the jaw extends and a thread over a part of the length thereof, a nut cooperating with said thread for adjustment longitudinally of the shank, an annular recess in the face of the nut opposite the angular jaw, a movable jaw of substantially triangular shape having a gripping surface at the base of the triangle facing the 00- operating surface of the angular jaw, the movable jaw having two flanges extending therefrom to embrace the shank between the angular jaw and the nut, the apex of the triangular movable jaw pivotally engaging in the recess of the nut at a point adjacent the groove of the shank, a stay rigidly secured to the outer extremities of the flanges and bearing against the side of the shank opposite to the grooved side, the distance between the inner edge of the stay and the movable jaw being greater than the coextensive dimension of the shank thereby to enable pivoting movement of the jaws apex in the annular nut recess, and

an elongated spring slidably engaged in thegroove and having cranked ends engaging respectively the movable jaw and the end of the nut remote from the recess. v

2. A wrench comprising a shank including an angular jaw end rigid therewith, the shank having a thread over a part of the length thereof,

a nut cooperating with said thread for adjustment longitudinally of the shank, an annular recess in the face of the nut opposite the angular jaw, a movable jaw comprising a body of, sub stantially triangular shape and a pair of parallel es e ding from the body and spaced t0 4 embrace the shank on either side thereof, the Number triangular body portion having a gripping surface at the base cooperating with the angular jaw, a stay rigidly secured to the outer extremities of the flanges and bearing against the side of the shank remote from the movable jaw,'the sides of the triangular body sloping to an acute angle file of this patent:

REFERENCES CITED The following: references are of record in the UNITED STATES PATENTS Name Date 101,114 Faessler Mar. 22, 1870 705,054 Enderton July 22, 1902 857,825 Nicholson June25Q1907 Erixon Nov. 23,1915 

